Skin Cancer Essays (1375 words) - Dermatologic Surgery, Carcinoma

Skin Cancer Every hour one American is killed by skin cancer and every thirty seconds one American gets skin cancer. Cancer is a deadly disease that alters the DNA of a skin cell and causes it to reproduce at a rapid pace. This overproduction of cells can be harmful and in many cases deadly. Out of these cancers the most common is Basal cell carcinoma. Many steps have been made in the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma, some have been very successful and some not. The cells that have the altered DNA are called malignant or cancerous cells. These cells are found in the outer layers of the skin. The skin's main job is to protect the body from infections and to insulate the body to keep it at the proper temperature. The first layer of skin is called the epidermis. This is the layer that is closest to the surface of the skin. There are three types of cells in this layer. The first is the squamace. The squamace cells are flat and scaly and are located closest to the surface of the skin. Second are the basal cells and finally are the melanocytes, which give the skin its color. The second layer of skin is the dermis, which is much thicker than the epidermis. This layer contains sweat glands, nerves and blood vessels. The dermis also contains follicles, which are tiny pockets from which the hair grows. The most common malignant cells are the basal cells. Cancer in the basal cell is called nonmelanoma cancer. This means that the cancer did not start in the melanocytes located in the epidermis. Basal Cell Carcinoma is caused by overexposure to the sun. The sun gives off ultraviolet rays, which are harmful to the human body. Basal cell carcinoma will affect body parts such as the eyes, ears and nose. If it is detected before it gets deep into the skin there will most likely be no problem treating the cancer. A problem will occur if it isn't detected quickly enough and it has progressed into the deep portions of the tissue. If Basal cell carcinoma is left untreated it can be very hard to treat and may even cause death. The common methods of treatment involve the use of Mohs micrographic surgery, radiation therapy, electrodesiccation and curettage, and simple excision. Each of these methods is useful in specific clinical situations. Depending on the case, these methods have cure rates r anging from 85% to 95%. Mohs micrographic surgery, a newer surgical technique, has the highest cure rate for surgical treatment of both primary and recurrent tumors. This method uses microscopic control to determine the extent of tumor invasion. Although Mohs micrographic surgery method is complicated and requires special training, it has the highest cure rate of all surgical treatments because the tumor is microscopically outlined until it is completely removed. While other treatment methods for recurrent basal cell carcinoma have failure rates of about 50%, cure rates have been reported at 96% when treated by Mohs micrographic surgery. Mohs micrographic surgery is also indicated for tumors with poorly defined clinical borders, tumors with diameters larger than two cm, tumors with histopathologic features showing morpheaform or sclerotic patterns, and tumors arising in regions where maximum preservation of uninvolved tissue is desirable, such as eyelid, nose and finger. Next there is a treatment involving simple excision with frozen or permanent sectioning for margin evaluation. This traditional surgical treatment usually relies on surgical margins ranging from three to ten millimeters, depending on the diameter of the tumor. Tumor recurrence is not uncommon because only a small fraction of the total tumor margin is examined pathologically. Recurrence rate for primary tumors greater than 1.5 cm in diameter is at least twelve percent within five years. If the primary tumor measures larger than three cm, the five year recurrence rate is 23.1%. Primary tumors of the ears, eyes, scalp, and nose have recurrence rates ranging from 12.9% to 25%. Third there is electrodesiccation and curettage. This method is the most widely employed method for removing primary basal cell carcinomas. Although it is a quick method for destroying tumor, adequacy of treatment cannot be assessed immediately since the surgeon cannot

Free Essays on Making The Band

Director of Research & Development: File: The Projected Longevity of The Humming Birds The longevity of this band is an essential element that will define these â€Å"fly 5† street-smart urban soul singers known as The Humming Birds. They won't be typical flash-in-pan band. Though promotion will be apart of the group's success, it by no means will be what the talented fly 5 are all about. Their heart-arching, vocal-pounding songs will help to define the era of Motown Soul and R&B. We hope to produce an everlasting sound that will differentiate from the rest of the Motown artists by also giving them a flashy gimmick that attracts the singers to older, classy men through the etiquette of the group to and young women by their ‘razzle-dazzle’ good looks. They are to be long-lasting hit-makers with the unique combination of the superb song-writing Holland-Dozier-Holland team, and the intrinsic talent of the group with the underlining image of elegant young men who really know how to present themselves. Of course, this does not mean that The Humming Birds will not face hardships along the way. Every musical group has faced their fair share of fumbling record sales and bad press through harsh criticisms of their social and personal characters. But we here at Motown plan to face this controversies head-on by putting The Humming Birds through a rigorous "assembly line" that we so cleverly produce at Motown Records. After they are through with us, they become polished professionals whether concerning dress, dance, our deliverance, our boys at Motown really represent the top of American culture. This is what makes us smart. This what makes us different. Thanks to Maxine Powell, who is the foundation of how artists are truly capable of acting, The Humming Birds will no longer scare off conservative America by speaking in a threatening manner, slouching, or talking in an impolite lingo to become the clean-cut All-Am... Free Essays on Making The Band Free Essays on Making The Band Director of Research & Development: File: The Projected Longevity of The Humming Birds The longevity of this band is an essential element that will define these â€Å"fly 5† street-smart urban soul singers known as The Humming Birds. They won't be typical flash-in-pan band. Though promotion will be apart of the group's success, it by no means will be what the talented fly 5 are all about. Their heart-arching, vocal-pounding songs will help to define the era of Motown Soul and R&B. We hope to produce an everlasting sound that will differentiate from the rest of the Motown artists by also giving them a flashy gimmick that attracts the singers to older, classy men through the etiquette of the group to and young women by their ‘razzle-dazzle’ good looks. They are to be long-lasting hit-makers with the unique combination of the superb song-writing Holland-Dozier-Holland team, and the intrinsic talent of the group with the underlining image of elegant young men who really know how to present themselves. Of course, this does not mean that The Humming Birds will not face hardships along the way. Every musical group has faced their fair share of fumbling record sales and bad press through harsh criticisms of their social and personal characters. But we here at Motown plan to face this controversies head-on by putting The Humming Birds through a rigorous "assembly line" that we so cleverly produce at Motown Records. After they are through with us, they become polished professionals whether concerning dress, dance, our deliverance, our boys at Motown really represent the top of American culture. This is what makes us smart. This what makes us different. Thanks to Maxine Powell, who is the foundation of how artists are truly capable of acting, The Humming Birds will no longer scare off conservative America by speaking in a threatening manner, slouching, or talking in an impolite lingo to become the clean-cut All-Am...